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human granulocytic anaplasmosis
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) (previously known as Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, or HGE〔(Human Anaplasmosis Basics - Minnesota Dept. of Health )〕 ) is an infectious disease caused by ''Anaplasma phagocytophilum'', an obligate intracellular bacterium that is typically transmitted to humans by at least three kinds of ticks, ''Ixodes scapularis'', ''Ixodes pacificus'', and ''Dermacentor variabilis''. These ticks also transmit Lyme disease and other tick borne diseases.〔http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1603/0022-2585%282003%29040%5B0534%3ADOBBEC%5D2.0.CO%3B2〕
The bacteria infect white blood cells called neutrophils, causing changes in gene expression that prolong the life of these otherwise short-lived cells.〔PMID: 〕
== History ==
The first outbreak of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA) in the United States was in a patient in early 1990 in Wisconsin. He was kept in the hospital in Minnesota for testing, but died without a diagnosis. Over the next couple of years, many people within the same area of Wisconsin and Minnesota had come down with the same symptoms.〔 It was discovered in 1994 that it was Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (HGE), later to be known as HGA.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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